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2.
Acta biol. colomb ; 24(1): 125-138, ene.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-989045

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Las mariposas del género Lymanopoda son típicas de ecosistemas altoandinos y se caracterizan por tener como planta hospedera a especies del género Chusquea. El objetivo de esta investigación es presentar una descripción del hábitat de cuatro especies del género Lymanopoda que residen en zonas de páramo de los Andes de Colombia. Para describir el hábitat, se realizó la búsqueda de mariposas en tres localidades, dos en la Cordillera Oriental y una en la Cordillera Occidental. Se estudió la composición florística de las áreas que habitan las especies de Lymanopoda y se registraron variables para calcular la cobertura y la frecuencia relativa de elementos arbóreos, arbustivos y herbáceos. Estos datos permitieron identificar patrones en la fisonomía, estructura y diversidad de las coberturas vegetales en las que fueron observadas las mariposas. Se encontró que, aunque la composición florística entre las localidades estudiadas es diferente, la distribución de abundancias es similar, presentando pocos elementos dominantes y alta equidad. En cuanto a la estructura de la vegetación se encontró que la cobertura del estrato arbustivo y de Chusquea spp., es similar en las áreas de borde de los parches. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se puede concluir que, aunque la presencia de Chusquea es fundamental para las mariposas estudiadas, estas residen en coberturas vegetales diversas (i.e. con poca dominancia y alta equidad) con una estructura que incluya elementos herbáceos, arbustivos y arbóreos.


ABSTRACT Butterflies of the Lymanopoda genus are typical of the high Andean ecosystem and they are characterized by having species of Chusquea genus as host plants. This research aims to present the habitat description of four species of Lymanopoda inhabiting in "páramo" areas of the Colombian Andes. The habitat description was based on searching butterflies in three localities; two at the "Cordillera Oriental" and another one at the "Cordillera Occidental". After, we explored the floristic composition of inhabiting areas by the Lymanopoda species and we registered data to calculate vegetation coverage and relative frequency of tree, shrub and herb layers. Such data made it possible to identify patterns in botanical physiognomy, structure and diversity of the vegetal coverages among the butterflies that were found. Our outcomes show that although the floristic composition between the four localities is different, the abundance distribution of species is related to limited dominance and high equitability. With regard to vegetation structure we found that shrub layer and Chusquea spp. Coverage is similar at an edge of the patches. Based on the results, we conclude that presence of Chusquea is essential to the assessed butterflies but also, they only reside inside diverse vegetation coverages (i.e. with limited dominance and high equitability) whit a botanical structure that includes tree, shrub and herb layers.

3.
Braz. j. biol ; 78(4): 750-754, Nov. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951601

ABSTRACT

Abstract Forty five specimens representing nine species of reptile (Salvator merianae, Enyalius bilineatus, Amphisbaena alba, Xenopholis undulatus, Chironius fuscus, Helicops angulatus, Chironius flavolineatus, Erythrolamprus viridis and Crotalus durissus) collected in five Brazilian states were examined for helminths. Twelve helminth species were found as follow: nine Nematoda (Physaloptera tupinambae, Strongyluris oscari, Paracapillaria sp., Dracunculus brasiliensis, Physaloptera liophis, Serpentirhabias sp. 1, Serpentirhabias sp. 2, Serpentirhabias sp. 3 and Aplectana sp.), one Cestoda (Semenoviella amphisbaenia), one Trematoda (Paracotyletrema sp.), and one Acantocephala (Centrorhynchus sp.). Ten new host records and seven new locality records were reported.


Resumo Quarenta e cinco espécimes que representa nove espécies de répteis (Salvator merianae, Enyalius bilineatus, Amphisbaena alba, Xenopholis undulatus, Chironius fuscus, Helicops angulatus, Chironius flavolineatus, Erythrolamprus viridis e Crotalus durissus) coletados em cinco estados brasileiros foram examinados para helmintos. Foram encontrados doze espécies de helmintos sendo: nove Nematoda (Physaloptera tupinambae, Strongyluris oscari, Paracapillaria sp., Dracunculus brasiliensis, Physaloptera liophis, Serpentirhabias sp. 1, Serpentirhabias sp. 2, Serpentirhabias sp. 3 e Aplectana sp.), um Cestoda (Semenoviella amphisbaenia), um Trematoda (Paracotyletrema sp.) e um Acantocephala (Centrorhynchus sp.). Dez novos registros de hospedeiros e sete novos registros de localidade foram relatados.


Subject(s)
Animals , Reptiles/parasitology , Helminthiasis, Animal/epidemiology , Helminths/classification , Brazil
4.
Kasmera ; 45(2): 79-87, jul-dic 2017. ^etab, graf,
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1007725

ABSTRACT

En la patogénesis de la mastitis estafilocócica, el biofilm se considera un marcador de virulencia que permite la adherencia del microorganismo al epitelio mamario. Con la finalidad de determinar la producción de biofilm y detectar la presencia de genes icaABCD, se analizaron 30 cepas de S. aureus aisladas de leche cruda obtenida de vacas con mastitis subclínica. El biofilm se determinó por el método cuantitativo sobre microplacas de cultivo celular y los genes icaABCD por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. En 96,67% de las cepas de S. aureus se observó producción de biofilm. De éstas 43,34% fueron fuertes productoras, 30,00% moderadas productoras, 23,33% débiles productoras y 3,33% no productoras de biofilm. La totalidad de los genes icaADCD se obtuvo en 6,66% de los aislamientos. Todas las cepas, excepto una, presentaron icaA o icaD. En 56,66% de los aislamientos se identificaron genes icaA/icaD. En todas las cepas productoras de biofilm se identificaron genes del operón icaABCD, lo cual evidencia que poseen un factor de virulencia que facilita su persistencia en el tejido mamario. Además, el biofilm constituye una fuente de contaminación microbiana que puede conducir a fallas en los procesos de producción que generen problemas de inocuidad de los alimentos.


In the pathogenesis of staphylococcal mastitis the biofilm is considered a marker of virulence that allows the adhesion of the microorganism to the mammary epithelium. In order to determine the production of biofilm and the presence of icaABCD gene, 30 S. aureus strains isolated from raw milk obtained from cows with subclinical mastitis were analyzed. Biofilm production was determined by the quantitative method on microplates for cell culture and the presence of genes icaABCD by polymerase chain reaction. Biofilm production was observed in 96.67% of strains of S. aureus. These 43.34% were strong producers, 30.00% producing moderate, 23.33% weak producers and 3.33% non producing biofilm. All of the icaABCD genes was obtained at 6.66% of the isolates. All strains, except one, presented icaA or icaD. 56,66% of isolates identified genes icaA/icaD. The icaABCD operon genes were identified in all biofilm-producing strains, which demonstrates that they possess a virulence factor that facilitates its persistence in the breast tissue. In addition, the biofilm is a source of microbial contamination which can lead to failures in production processes that generate problems of food safety.

5.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1467148

ABSTRACT

Abstract Forty five specimens representing nine species of reptile (Salvator merianae, Enyalius bilineatus, Amphisbaena alba, Xenopholis undulatus, Chironius fuscus, Helicops angulatus, Chironius flavolineatus, Erythrolamprus viridis and Crotalus durissus) collected in five Brazilian states were examined for helminths. Twelve helminth species were found as follow: nine Nematoda (Physaloptera tupinambae, Strongyluris oscari, Paracapillaria sp., Dracunculus brasiliensis, Physaloptera liophis, Serpentirhabias sp. 1, Serpentirhabias sp. 2, Serpentirhabias sp. 3 and Aplectana sp.), one Cestoda (Semenoviella amphisbaenia), one Trematoda (Paracotyletrema sp.), and one Acantocephala (Centrorhynchus sp.). Ten new host records and seven new locality records were reported.


Resumo Quarenta e cinco espécimes que representa nove espécies de répteis (Salvator merianae, Enyalius bilineatus, Amphisbaena alba, Xenopholis undulatus, Chironius fuscus, Helicops angulatus, Chironius flavolineatus, Erythrolamprus viridis e Crotalus durissus) coletados em cinco estados brasileiros foram examinados para helmintos. Foram encontrados doze espécies de helmintos sendo: nove Nematoda (Physaloptera tupinambae, Strongyluris oscari, Paracapillaria sp., Dracunculus brasiliensis, Physaloptera liophis, Serpentirhabias sp. 1, Serpentirhabias sp. 2, Serpentirhabias sp. 3 e Aplectana sp.), um Cestoda (Semenoviella amphisbaenia), um Trematoda (Paracotyletrema sp.) e um Acantocephala (Centrorhynchus sp.). Dez novos registros de hospedeiros e sete novos registros de localidade foram relatados.

7.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(4): 1492-1501, Dec. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734704

ABSTRACT

Los sistemas acuícolas de recirculación (SAR) son utilizados cada vez más en la acuicultura, especialmente en el norte de Chile en donde las condiciones ambientales son propicias para el cultivo de especies nativas como el bonito (Sarda chiliensis chiliensis), del cual se desconoce su desarrollo embrionario y larval, lo que complica evaluar la factibilidad técnica y económica de desarrollar su cultivo en SAR. Por ello se determinó las bases para su cultivo a partir de enero de 2013, durante 45 días. Los periodos embrionarios caracterizados fueron 31 en 71,83 horas, definidos en 5 estadios: Mórula, Blástula, Gástrula, Neurulación y Metamería. Del desarrollo larval se observaron 35 periodos en 519 horas, un estadio prejuvenil observado a las 591 horas y uno juvenil. Los huevos fueron translúcidos de tipo telolecítico de crecimiento lento en relación a Sarda sarda y Sarda ch. lineolata (especies con las que fue comparada), ya que le tomó casi 3 días eclosionar. Las tasas de sobrevivencia y eclosión fueron altas (86,316% ±9,808 y 89,596% ±11,683 respectivamente), por esto las condiciones serían propicias para su desarrollo. Las larvas en tanto, presentaron más semejanzas con Sarda sarda, en los primeros periodos de desarrollo. El periodo crucial fue entre las 81 a 89 horas de vida, cuando se reabsorbió la gota oleosa; ésta además fue un carácter diferenciador con las otras 2 especies, ya que fue la única que presentó 1 gota oleosa en el periodo larval. Se infiere la factibilidad de un hatchery de Sarda ch. chilensis, debido a las semejanzas con Sarda sarda, y dado el éxito obtenido de ésta en cultivo. De los caracteres morfométricos se sugiere monitorear en el futuro, los que representan las mayores variabilidades dentro de los estadios de desarrollo, que fueron longitud y alto de cabeza y longitud y alto de ojo.


Aquatic re-circulation systems (SAR) are being used more and more in agriculture, especially in the north of Chile where the environment conditions are suitable for breeding in SAR (aquatic re-circulation system) of species such as Bonito (Sarda chiliensis chiliensis), whose embryo or larvae origins are unknown, which complicates the evaluation of a technical and economical possibility of developing its breeding in SAR. Due to this, bases for its breeding were determined in January 2013, for 45 days. The characterized embryo periods were 31 in 71, 83 hours, defined in 5 stages: Morula, Blastula, Gastrula, Neurulation and Metamery. From the larvae development 35 periods in 519 hours were observed, a pre-juvenile stage observed at 591 hours and a juvenile one. The eggs were translucent of a telolecitic type of a slow growing in relation to Sarda sarda and Sarda ch. lineolata, since it took them almost three days to hatch. The surviving and hatching rates were high (86,316±9,808% and 89,596±11,683% respectively), so the conditions for their development would be appropriate. Meanwhile, the larvae presented more similarities with Sarda sarda in the first periods of development. The crucial period was between the 81 and 89 hours of life, when the oily drop was re-absorbed; besides, this was a distinguishing feature with the other two species because it was the only one that presented just one oily drop in the larvae period. The possibility of a Sarda ch. chiliensis hatchery is inferred, due to the similarities with Sarda sarda, and because of the success obtained in this breeding. From the morphometric characters, future monitoring is suggested, the ones that represent the most variables in the stages of development such as length and height of the head, and length and height of the eye.


Subject(s)
Animals , Perciformes/embryology , Aquaculture/methods , Larva/growth & development , Chile
8.
Kasmera ; 42(2): 105-115, dic. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780167

ABSTRACT

S. aureus se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública, debido a la dificultad que representa el tratamiento de las infecciones causadas por SARM. El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar la producción de enterotoxinas A, B, C y D y la producción de biofilm en aislamientos de SARM. Se estudiaron 50 cepas aisladas de diferentes tipos de muestras clínicas. La detección de enterotoxinas se realizó por la técnica de aglutinación en fase reversa y la producción de biofilm mediante: agar rojo congo y el método en microplacas de cultivos celulares. La producción de enterotoxina se observó en 9 cepas (18%), siendo la enterotoxina D (64%) la más prevalente, seguida de la B (27%) y la A (9%). Se demostró una asociación significativa entre la producción de enterotoxina y el tipo de muestra de la que provenía la cepa. La producción de biofilm se constató en 30% y 98% de las cepas por los métodos de agar rojo congo y microplacas de cultivos celulares, respectivamente; sólo en 15 cepas (30%) se observó correlación de ambos ensayos, se demostró que el método en microplacas de cultivo celular es más eficaz para detectar la producción de biofilm en S. aureus.


S. aureus has become a public health problem, due to the difficulty of treating infections caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). The purpose of this research was to determine the production of enterotoxins A, B, C and D and the production of biofilm in clinical isolates of MRSA. Fifty MRSA strains isolated from different types of clinical samples were studied. Detection of enterotoxins was carried out using the technique of reversed phase agglutination, while biofilm production was studied through two tests: Congo red agar and the microplate cell culture method. Enterotoxin production was observed in 9 strains (18%); enterotoxin D (64%) was the most prevalent, followed by B (27%) and A (9%). A significant association was shown between enterotoxin production capacity and the type of sample that came from the strain. Biofilm production was found in 30% and 98% of the strains using the Congo red Agar and microplate cell culture methods, respectively. A correlation of both trials was observed in only 15 strains (30%). It was shown that the microplate cell culture method is more effective for detecting biofilm production in S. aureus strains.

9.
Rev. cuba. enferm ; 29(3): 159-169, jul.-set. 2013.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, CUMED | ID: lil-725087

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la implementación de programas de "Escritura a través del Currículum" (del inglés Writing across the curriculum, WAC) ha demostrado mejorar las habilidades de escritura y los conocimientos de la propia disciplina en estudiantes universitarios. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar algunas de las estrategias identificadas como efectivas para mejorar la escritura de los estudiantes, en un curso piloto de una Escuela de Enfermería. Métodos: se conformó una comunidad de WAC, integrada por profesores, una asesora lingüística y ayudantes de escritura, y se implementaron estrategias probadamente efectivas. Para evaluar las estrategias implementadas se utilizó una actividad de escritura libre y el instrumento "Evaluación de las tareas de escritura". Resultados: tanto los profesores como los estudiantes estuvieron satisfechos con las estrategias utilizadas. Por otro lado, aunque los estudiantes no mostraron cambios en la percepción de sus habilidades para escribir, disminuyeron significativamente los errores en los informes que elaboraron. Conclusión: fue posible identificar estrategias que serían parte de un programa de WAC replicable que permitiría incrementar las habilidades de escritura en los estudiantes(AU)


Introduction: Implementation of "Writing across the curriculum" (WAC) syllabuses has shown to improve writing skills and knowledge about the discipline among university students. A pilot course was implemented in a nursing school to evaluate some of the strategies identified as effective to improve writing skills among students. Methods: A WAC community was constituted, made up of teachers, a linguistic advisor and writing assistants. Proven effective strategies were implemented. Evaluation of the strategies implemented was based on a free writing activity and the tool "Evaluation of writing assignments". Results: Both teachers and students were pleased with the strategies used. Even though students' perception of their own writing skills did not change, there was a significantly lower number of errors in the reports they wrote. I Conclusion: It was possible to identify the strategies to be included in a replicable WAC program allowing to improve writing skills among students(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Nursing , Writing , Curriculum/standards , Pilot Projects
10.
Int. j. morphol ; 31(3): 1056-1061, set. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-695000

ABSTRACT

El carcinoma de células claras es una neoplasia rara de bajo grado que se desarrolla casi exclusivamente en glándulas salivales menores humanas. El objetivo de esta comunicación es analizar las características estructurales, histoquímicas e inmunohistoquímicas (IHQ) de dos casos de carcinoma de células claras de parótida y realizar el diagnóstico diferencial con otros tumores salivales primarios y metastásicos que presentan células claras. Cortes de ambos tumores fueron procesados para H/E, tricrómicos de Masson y Dane, Azul de toluidina, Azul alciano, PAS y PAS/diastasa; marcaciones IHQ para citoqueratinas de bajo y alto peso molecular, ki67, HMB45, p63 y proteína S-100. El patrón estructural de estos tumores estaba determinado por nidos y cordones de células claras delimitados por un estroma no hialinizado. En un tumor se observó una neoplasia maligna a células claras con manifiesta anaplasia. La expresión de ki67 fue importante. El otro tumor estaba constituido por células claras monomorfas sin signos manifiestos de atipia y casi nula expresión de ki67. Con PAS se demostró la presencia de glucógeno y no se observó un desarrollo importante del estroma colágeno en ambas neoplasias. En ambos casos resultó francamente positiva la inmunomarcación para citoqueratinas de bajo y alto peso molecular. Por el contrario resultó negativa para HMB45 y p63. La proteína S-100 tuvo su expresión en células aisladas. Se concluye que los casos presentados son de localización poco común (parótida) según lo descripto en la bibliografía; corresponden a la variedad no hialinizante ya que no está presente un importante estroma colágeno hialinizado, y ambos tumores son primarios de glándulas salivales, de origen epitelial, no melanocítico ni hematopoyético (linfomas) como lo demuestran las marcaciones IHQ.


The clear cell carcinoma is a rare neoplam of low level grade that develops almost exclusively in human minor salivary glands. The objective of this present work is to analyze the structural, histochemical and inmunohistochemical (IHQ) characteristics of two cases of parotid clear cell carcinoma and make a differential diagnosis with other primary and metastatic salivary tumors that clear cells show. Serial cuts of both tumors were processed for H/E, Masson and Dane trichromes, Toluidine blue, Alcian blue, PAS and PAS/diastase; IHQ marking of both high-and low-molecular weight cytokeratins, ki67, HMB45, p63 and S-100 protein. The structural pattern of these tumors were determined by nests and cords of clear cells delimited by a stroma non hyaline. In a tumor a malign neoplasia was observed in clear cells with anaplasia. The ki67 expression was important. The other tumor was constitued of clear monomorph cells without manifestation signs of atypia and almost no ki67 expression. With PAS was confirmed the presence of glycogen and not observed an important development of the collagen stroma in both neoplasms. Both cases resulted very positive the immunostaining of both high and low molecular weight cytokeratins. It resulted negative for the HMB45 and p63. The protein S-100 has it´s expression in isolated cells. We conclude that: the presented cases are very uncommon localization (parotid) as described by the literature; it matches a non hyalinizing variety because a very important hyalinized collagen stroma is not present, both primary tumors of salivary glands, of epithelial origin, non melanocytic, renal or hematopoietic lymphomas which shows immunostaining IHQ.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/pathology , Parotid Neoplasms/pathology , Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Immunohistochemistry , Parotid Neoplasms/diagnosis
12.
Kasmera ; 38(2): 97-105, jul.-dic. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-654058

ABSTRACT

Para analizar la calidad microbiológica en vegetales tipo hoja y la incidencia de bacterias enteropatógenas se analizaron 150 muestras (50 lechugas, 50 cilantros y 50 perejiles) recolectadas en dos supermercados de Maracaibo. Se determinó Coliformes Totales (CT) y Escherichia coli (EC) según la norma COVENIN Nº3276:1997; para la determinación de bacterias enteropatógenas (Salmonella, Aeromonas y Vibrio) se utilizaron medios de enriquecimiento y selectivos. La identificación de especies se realizó empleando pruebas bioquímicas. En 81,33% (122/150) de las muestras se obtuvieron contajes de CT entre 10³-10 5 UFC/g. La recuperación de EC fue de 10,00%. La frecuencia de enteropatógenos fue de 28%, siendo Aeromonas el género más aislado con un 95,91%. La mayor recuperación de enteropatógenos se obtuvo en las muestras de cilantro (40,00%), seguida de perejil (34,00%) y lechuga (20,00%); A. caviae fue la especie más recuperada (59,18%) seguida de A. hydrophila (30,62%). Salmonella spp se recuperó en 2 (4,08%) muestras. La presencia de indicadores entéricos (CT y EC) y de bacterias enteropatógenas sugiere que los vegetales tipo hoja presentan una inadecuada calidad sanitaria y pueden ser fuente de gastroenteritis


To analyze the microbiological quality of leaf vegetables and the incidence of enteropathogenic bacteria, 150 samples (50 lettuce, 50 coriander and 50 parsley) collected in two supermarkets in Maracaibo, were studied. Total coliforms (TC) and Escherichia coli (EC) according to COVENIN guideline N° 3276: 1997, were determined; for the identification of enteropathogenic bacteria (Salmonella, Aeromonas, Vibrio), enrichment and selective media were used. Species identification was made using biochemical tests. In 81.33% (122/150) of the samples obtained, TC counts were between 10³-10 5 CFU/g. EC recovery was 10.00%. The frequency of enteropathogens was 28%, with Aeromonas the most isolated genus (95.91%). Greater recovery of enteropathogens was obtained from coriander (40.00%), followed by the parsley (34.00%) and lettuce samples (20.00%); A. caviae was the most recovered specie (59.18%) followed by A. hydrophila (30,62%). Salmonella spp were recovered in 2 samples (4.08%). The presence of enteric indicators (TC and EC) and enteropathogenic bacteria suggests that the sanitary condition of the leafy vegetables is inadequate and can be a source of gastroenteritis


Subject(s)
Aeromonas , Coliforms/analysis , Escherichia coli , Food Microbiology , Food Quality Standards , Plants/microbiology , Bacteriological Techniques/methods
13.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-566170

ABSTRACT

A comprehensive and up to date summary of the literature on the helminth parasites of lizards and amphisbaenians from South America is herein presented. One-hundred eighteen lizard species from twelve countries were reported in the literature harboring a total of 155 helminth species, being none acanthocephalans, 15 cestodes, 20 trematodes and 111 nematodes. Of these, one record was from Chile and French Guiana, three from Colombia, three from Uruguay, eight from Bolivia, nine from Surinam, 13 from Paraguay, 12 from Venezuela, 27 from Ecuador, 17 from Argentina, 39 from Peru and 103 from Brazil. The present list provides host, geographical distribution (with the respective biome, when possible), site of infection and references from the parasites. A systematic parasite-host list is also provided.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cestoda/parasitology , Helminths/classification , Lizards , Nematoda/parasitology , Trematoda/parasitology , South America/epidemiology
14.
Int. j. morphol ; 27(4): 1003-1008, dic. 2009. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-582042

ABSTRACT

The Laser used correctly in the medical practice offers clear advantages compared with traditional therapies. The improvement and even the elimination of many significant skin lesions can be achieved with reduced risks to patients. However, it is important to keep security measures and understand the possible effects on an experimental model. The chick embryo is a good model to evaluate the direct effects of non-ionizing radiation for its easy handling and availability. The purpose of this communication is to show our histological findings in organs of the chick embryo with and without protective barrier to be subjected to radiation excimer. We used the following issuers: intense pulsed light (excimer Xe-Cl laser of 308 nm wavelength). It was irradiated embryos through an open window on eggshells. Aseptically the eggs were kept for 24 hours in an incubator. The protective barriers were used with and without colored glass, latex, cellophane, paper, polycarbonate of different colors and thicknesses. The most outstanding results, with no barrier and barriers with transparent and green were intense marked congestion in capillaries, edema and focus the necrosis. We concluded that the tissue changes observed are consistent with possible side effects of these radiations fototérmicos we warned about possible side effects when they are applied indiscriminately. We believe it is important to explore different means to safeguard the safety of operators and patients.


El láser utilizado correctamente en la práctica médica ofrece claras ventajas cuando se compara con las terapias tradicionales. La mejoría e incluso la eliminación significativa de muchas lesiones cutáneas se pueden lograr con riesgos reducidos para los pacientes. Sin embargo, es importante guardar medidas de seguridad y conocer los posibles efectos en un modelo experimental. El embrión de pollo es un buen modelo para evaluar los efectos directos de radiaciones no ionizantes por su fácil manipulación y disponibilidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es comunicar los cambios histopatológicos en órganos del embrión de pollo con y sin barrera de protección al ser sometido a radiación excimer. Se utilizó el siguiente elemento emisor: luz pulsada intensa (Xe-Cl excimer laser de 308 nm de longitud de onda. Se irradiaron los embriones a través de una ventana abierta en la cáscara del huevo. Los huevos fueron mantenidos asépticamente por 24 hs en una incubadora. Las barreras de protección utilizadas fueron vidrio con y sin color, latex, celofán, papel, policarbonato de diferentes colores y espesores. Los resultados más sobresalientes, sin barrera y con barreras transparentes y de color verde fueron: intensa vasocongestión, edema y focosde necrosis. Se concluye que las modificaciones tisulares observadas son compatibles con posibles efectos fototérmicos colaterales de estas radiaciones los que nos advierten sobre posibles efectos adversos cuando las mismas se aplican indiscriminadamente. Creemos que es de importancia estudiar los diferentes medios que permitan resguardar la seguridad de los pacientes y operadores.


Subject(s)
Animals , Chick Embryo , Cartilage/radiation effects , Chick Embryo/radiation effects , Chick Embryo/pathology , Lasers, Excimer/adverse effects , Tongue/radiation effects , Models, Biological , Necrosis , Lasers/adverse effects
15.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 37(11): 1721-1729, Nov. 2004. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-385877

ABSTRACT

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) gradually lose their cognitive competence, particularly memory, and the ability to perform daily life tasks. Neuropsychological rehabilitation is used to improve cognitive functions by facilitating memory performance through the use of external aids and internal strategies. The effect of neuropsychological rehabilitation through memory training - motor movements, verbal association, and categorization - and activities of daily living (ADL) training was tested in a sample of 5 elderly out-patients (mean age: 77.4 ± 2.88 years), with mild AD (Mini-Mental State Examination score: 22.20 ± 2.17) and their caregivers. All patients had been taking rivastigmine (6-12 mg/day) for at least 3 months before being assigned to the rehabilitation sessions, and they continued to take the medication during the whole program. Just before and after the 14-week neuropsychological rehabilitation program all patients were assessed by interviewers that did not participate in the cognitive training, using the Mini-Mental State Examination, Montgomery-Alsberg Depression Rating Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Interview to Determine Deterioration in Functioning in Dementia, Functional Test, Memory Questionnaire of Daily Living for patient and caregiver, Quality of Life Questionnaire for patient and caregiver, and a neuropsychological battery. The results showed a statistically significant improvement in ADL measured by Functional Test (P = 0.04), and only a small improvement in memory and psychiatric symptoms. Our results support the view that weekly stimulation of memory and training of ADL is believed to be of great value in AD treatment, not only delaying the progress of the disease, but also improving some cognitive functions and ADL, even though AD is a progressively degenerative disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Activities of Daily Living , Alzheimer Disease/rehabilitation , Memory Disorders/rehabilitation , Alzheimer Disease/complications , Memory Disorders/etiology , Neuropsychological Tests , Pilot Projects , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Quality of Life , Reproducibility of Results , Severity of Illness Index
17.
Rev. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Córdoba) ; 61(2): 40-45, 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-443816

ABSTRACT

The teaching of Oral Histology and Embryology clinically integrated was designed as a pilot experience to be developed during the 2005 academic year at the Division of Histology and Embryology (Chair [quot ]A[quot ]) of the National University of Cordoba School of Dentistry. This experience, in which the members of the faculty of the Department of Clinical and Basic Sciences have an active participation, is based on a systemic conception of the learning-teaching process and on the recommendations made by the OPS/OMS. This approach will allow us to optimize the quality of our undergraduate programs through better teacher training and the gradual integration of basic and clinical sciences. Our aim is to provide a better education with clinical relevance in basic sciences and scientific basis in clinical assistance.


La enseñanza integrada es un modelo pedagógico que se sustenta fundamentalmente en la concentración de los aspectos relevantes de un conjunto de disciplinas interrelacionadas, obteniéndose como producto una síntesis interdisciplinaria, lo que proporciona una visión más holística de la enseñanza y le permite al educando integrar conocimientos. A partir de esta concepción sistémica del proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje y de las recomendaciones de OPS/OMS, se diseñó como experiencia piloto para el Ciclo Lectivo 2005 de la Cátedra "A" de Histología y Embriología de la Facultad de Odontología perteneciente a la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, la enseñanza de la Histología y Embriología Oral clínicamente integradas, con activa participación de docentes de Ciencias Básicas y Clínicas. La estrategia para la sistematización de los contenidos de los módulos de aprendizaje se basó en una dinámica que se sustenta en el uso de facilitadores didácticos, que recrean instrumentos didácticos como son las ideas previas, los mapas conceptuales, la resolución de problemas y el estudio de casos clínicos. Esta experiencia nos va a permitir optimizar la calidad de la oferta educativa de grado a través de la mejora de la formación docente y la gradual integración de las ciencias básicas y clínicas, para el logro de una educación con relevancia clínica en las ciencias básicas y con base científica en la asistencia clínica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Education, Dental/standards , Embryology/education , Teaching/methods , Histology/education , Argentina , Concept Formation , Problem-Based Learning
18.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 73(5): 483-488, sept.-oct. 2002. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-326117

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 12 años con el diagnóstico de enfermedad de Kikuchi-Fujimoto que evolucionó con fiebre dos meses previos acompañado de adenopatías cervicales bilaterales, baja de peso de 5 kilos y compromiso del estado general. Sin respuesta a tratamiento antibiótico, se descartaron causas habituales de fiebre. La biopsia ganglionar mostró necrosis difusa, abundantes inmunoblastos, hitiocitos, restos celulares necróticos y ausencia de neutrófilos. Evolucionó en forma favorable con caída de la fiebre a los 3 meses desde el inicio del cuadro y regresión de las adenopatías. Se destaca la importancia del diagnóstico diferencial de adenopatías cervicales persistentes acompañado de síndrome febril prolongado


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Immunohistochemistry
19.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 8(4): 164-167, 2002. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-627486

ABSTRACT

We present two documented cases of patients with Tyrosinemia type I (Hepatorenal Tyrosinemia) in infants. The most constant imaging findings in target organs: Liver (Hepatic Cirrhosis), Kidneys (Nefromegaly) are described and compared with pathological findings in one case. In the presence of confusing clinical manifestations, radiological findings of hepatic cirrhosis in infants associated with renal involvement are almost diagnostic of this entity.


Se presentan 2 casos documentados de lactantes portadores de Tirosinemia tipo I (Hepatorenal). Se describen los hallazgos imagenológicos principales de ella en los órganos blanco: Hígado (Cirrosis Hepática) y riñones (Nefromegalia) y se confrontan con los de la anatomía patológica en un caso. En un lactante, con un cuadro clínico poco claro, el hallazgo imagenológico de cirrosis hepática sumado a un compromiso renal, deben hacer plantear el diagnóstico de tirosinemia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Tyrosinemias/complications , Hepatomegaly/mortality , Hepatomegaly/diagnostic imaging , Liver Cirrhosis/mortality , Infant Nutrition Disorders , Tyrosinemias/diagnosis , Hepatomegaly/complications , Infant
20.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 13(2): 87-99, 2000.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1157631

ABSTRACT

Ultrastructural descriptions in birds are scarce thus, in this study we have characterized the secretory granules of mucous and seromucous cells from the palatine and lingual salivary glands of birds with different diets. The samples were taken from the tongue and palatine mucosa of chicken (Gallus gallus), quail (Coturnix coturnix), chimango (Milvago chimango) and white heron (Egretta thula). The samples were processed for observation by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) employing 4


Karnovsky solution for fixation. The most noteworthy finding was the heterogeneous ultrastructural appearance of the secretory granules. Differences in substructure were found between the four species, between the palatine and lingual glands in the same species and even within the same acinus and the same cell. At variance with other authors, these differences cannot be attributed to the type of fixative solution used taking into account that all the samples were processed in the same way. Previous histochemical studies have shown the presence of sulfated and non sulfated glycoconjugates in these glands which can be associated to the maturation of the granules. These granules are probably representative of peculiar storage of the secretory products that would give rise to a heterogeneous and complex ultrastructural pattern of granules in the mucosa and seromucosa cells of these avian species.

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